Tecnologia educativa sobre cuidados domiciliares com o recém-nascido de baixo risco / Educational technology on home care with low-risk newborns / Tecnología educativa para el cuidado del hogar con recién nacidos de bajo riesgo

Objetivo: identificar dúvidas de puérperas e familiares sobre cuidados domiciliares com o recém-nascido de baixo risco e analisar a roda de conversa, mediada por simulador realístico de baixa fidelidade, como uma tecnologia educativa para o preparo de famílias no processo de alta da maternidade. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, incluindo dezenove familiares de recém-nascidos de baixo risco em um hospital municipal de Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, de maio a outubro de 2018, por entrevista semiestruturada. Dados submetidos à Análise Temática. Resultados: as dúvidas dos familiares versaram sobre cuidados com higiene, alimentação, ambiente, afeto, saúde, sono e doenças. A roda de conversa com simulador de baixa fidelidade foi considerada uma estratégia positiva para mediar o aprendizado. Conclusão: a tecnologia educativa revelou-se útil na instrumentalização de famílias no processo de alta da maternidade, visto que o cuidador fortalece suas potencialidades, retira dúvidas e troca informações e experiências no grupo.

Objective: to identify puerperal and family members' questions about home care with low-risk newborns and to analyze the conversation circle, mediated by a realistic low fidelity simulator, as an educational technology for the preparation of families in the maternity discharge process. Method: qualitative research conducted with nineteen relatives of low-risk newborns in the municipal hospital in Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from May to October 2018, through semi-structured interview. Data submitted to thematic analysis. Results: the family members' doubts were about care with hygiene, food, environment, affection, health, sleep and diseases. The conversation wheel with low fidelity simulator was considered a positive strategy to mediate learning. Conclusion: the educational technology proved to be useful in the instrumentalization of families in the maternity discharge process, as the caregiver strengthens their potential, removes doubts and exchanges information and experiences in the group.

Objetivo: identificar dudas puerperales y familiares sobre atención domiciliaria con recién nacidos de bajo riesgo y analizar el círculo de conversación, mediado por simulador realista de baja fidelidad, como una tecnología educativa de preparación de familias en el proceso de alta de la maternidad. Método: investigación cualitativa, con diecinueve familiares de recién nacidos de bajo riesgo en un hospital municipal en Río das Ostras, Río de Janeiro, de mayo a octubre de 2018, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se utilizó a Análisis temático. Resultados: las dudas fueron sobre higiene, alimentación, medio ambiente, afecto, salud, sueño y enfermedades. El círculo de conversación con simulador se consideró una estrategia positiva para mediar en el aprendizaje. Conclusión: la tecnología educativa demostró ser útil en la instrumentalización de familias en el proceso de alta de la maternidad, porque el cuidador fortalece su potencial, elimina dudas e intercambia información y experiencias en el grupo.

The experiences of family caregivers who participated in a family involvement program after cancer surgery: A qualitative study.

PURPOSE: As recovery time after oncological surgery can be long, family caregivers often play an important role in the delivery of care after patients' discharge. To prepare carers for this role, we developed a family involvement program (FIP) to enhance their active involvement in post-surgical oncology care during hospitalization. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore family caregivers experience of participating in a FIP. METHODS: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 family caregivers who participated in the family involvement program. The program is comprised of two main components (1) training and coaching of physicians and nurses; (2) active involvement of family caregivers in fundamental care activities. This active involvement included six activities. Data were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. RESULTS: Family caregivers positively valued the program. Active participation in post-surgical care was experienced as an acceptable burden. The program gave participants the ability to simply be present ('being there') which was considered as essential and improved their understanding of care, although family caregivers sometimes experienced emotional moments. Active involvement strengthened existent relationship between the family caregiver and the patient. Participants thought clinical supervision. by nurses is important. CONCLUSIONS: Physical proximity appeared as an essential part of the family involvement program. It helped carers to feel they made a meaningful contribution to their loved ones' wellbeing. Asking families to participate in fundamental care activities in post-surgical oncology care was acceptable, and not over-demanding for caregivers.

Hospitalización domiciliaria en un área rural, ¿una alternativa a la hospitalización tradicional? / Home care services provided by hospital in a rural area, an alternative to traditional hospitalization?

INTRODUCCIÓN: El servicio de hospitalización domiciliaria en el área rural es un servicio poco conocido en el resto del ámbito sanitario. Al mismo tiempo existe poca literatura al respecto por lo que con este estudio queremos estudiar las características clínicas, la estancia media y la tasa de reingresos de los pacientes que ingresan en hospitalización domiciliaria en comparación a los pacientes que ingresan en planta de medicina interna pertenecientes a un hospital comarcal de un área rural (Hospital de TresMares). MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo comparativo retrospectivo que incluye un total de 200 pacientes (100 ingresados en hospitalización domiciliaria y 100 ingresados en planta) del hospital de TresMares. RESULTADOS: La complejidad de los pacientes que ingresan en planta es superior a los que ingresan en hospitalización domiciliaria requiriendo al mismo tiempo de mayor uso de recursos. La eficacia, entendida como tasa de reingreso, en hospitalización a domicilio es similar a la de los pacientes de la planta. Se demuestra que la hospitalización domiciliaria puede ser una alternativa a la hospitalización tradicional en un área rural. CONCLUSIONES: Se demuestra que la hospitalización domiciliaria puede ser una alternativa a la hospitalización tradicional en un área rural

INTRODUCTION: Hospital home care in a rural area is a hospital care little known in health field. At the same time there is little literature so we want to study the clinical characteristics, the average stay and the readmission rate of patients admitted to home hospitalization compared to patients admitted to the internal medicine hospitalization to a regional hospital in a rural area (Hospital de TresMares). METHOD: retrospective comparative descriptive study includes 200 patients (100 patients admitted to home hospitalization and 100 patients admitted to the hospital). RESULTS: the complexity of the patients admitted to the hospital is greater than those admitted to home hospitalization, while requiring greater use of resources. The efficacy, understood as re admission rate, in hospitalization at home is similar that the patients who are admitted in the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: home hospitalization can be an alternative to tradicional hospitalization in a rural are

Interstage Home Monitoring for Infants With Single Ventricle Heart Disease: Education and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

This scientific statement summarizes the current state of knowledge related to interstage home monitoring for infants with shunt-dependent single ventricle heart disease. Historically, the interstage period has been defined as the time of discharge from the initial palliative procedure to the time of second stage palliation. High mortality rates during the interstage period led to the implementation of in-home surveillance strategies to detect physiologic changes that may precede hemodynamic decompensation in interstage infants with single ventricle heart disease. Adoption of interstage home monitoring practices has been associated with significantly improved morbidity and mortality. This statement will review in-hospital readiness for discharge, caregiver support and education, healthcare teams and resources, surveillance strategies and practices, national quality improvement efforts, interstage outcomes, and future areas for research. The statement is directed toward pediatric cardiologists, primary care providers, subspecialists, advanced practice providers, nurses, and those caring for infants undergoing staged surgical palliation for single ventricle heart disease.

Construção de um apoio online para o familiar cuidador / Construction of an online support for the family caregiver

The increase in the number of dependent individuals means that more and more families find themselves in the situation of caregivers, with all the consequences that performing this role entails. Based on this reality, we consider it to be completely relevant to systematize knowledge in this area towards the develop of an educational online support tool for caregivers. We conducted a focus group with experts in this field to identify what appropriate content an online caregiver support program should have. Our goal is to build an online tool that works as a complement to the work of professionals and is safe for carers. The main results and conclusions, after we analyze the focus group incomes indicate that the online support tool should contain topics that can be grouped into three main themes: 1) caregiver knowledge and skills, 2) potential resources for the caregiver and 3) caregiver coping strategies and well-being. It was also possible to obtain important complementary information that will be very useful in the construction of the online tool. The relevance of this study to clinical practice is that, although it is still necessary to expand and enhance the scope of research in this area, we consider this information essential for all health professionals seeking to provide effective support to family caregivers, as well as to serve as support for the development of intervention projects and health services

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Feasibility of engaging caregivers in at-home surveillance of children with uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition.

Many factors can contribute to low coverage of treatment for severe acute malnutrition (SAM), and a limited number of health facilities and trained personnel can constrain the number of children that receive treatment. Alternative models of care that shift the responsibility for routine clinical and anthropometric surveillance from the health facility to the household could reduce the burden of care associated with frequent facility-based visits for both healthcare providers and caregivers. To assess the feasibility of shifting clinical surveillance to caregivers in the outpatient management of SAM, we conducted a pilot study to assess caregivers' understanding and retention of key concepts related to the surveillance of clinical danger signs and anthropometric measurement over a 28-day period. At the time of a child's admission to nutritional treatment, a study nurse provided a short training to groups of caregivers on two topics: (a) clinical danger signs in children with SAM that warrant facility-based care and (b) methods to measure and monitor their child's mid-upper arm circumference. Caregiver understanding was assessed using standardized questionnaires before training, immediately after training, and 28 days after training. Knowledge of most clinical danger signs (e.g., convulsions, edema, poor appetite, respiratory distress, and lethargy) was low (0-45%) before training but increased immediately after and was retained 28 days after training. Agreement between nurse-caregiver mid-upper arm circumference colour classifications was 77% (98/128) immediately after training and 80% after 28 days. These findings lend preliminary support to pursue further study of alternative models of care that allow for greater engagement of caregivers in the clinical and anthropometric surveillance of children with SAM.

The Senior Companion Program Plus: A culturally tailored psychoeducational training program (innovative practice).

A purposive sample of African American Senior Companions (N = 23) participated in a 5-day, 20-hour psychoeducational training designed to address the unique cultural needs of African American dementia caregivers. Previous studies have not utilized lay caregiver volunteers such as Senior Companions in dementia research in the United States. Pre- and post-tests were administered to determine whether African American Senior Companions increased their knowledge of Alzheimer's disease after participating in the Senior Companion Program Plus. Results from both the quantitative and qualitative data suggest that participants improved their understanding of Alzheimer's disease. Findings from the Senior Companion Program Plus pilot warrant further study for its potential as cost effective, culturally tailored training for Senior Companions who serve persons with dementia and their family caregivers.

Terapéutica de enfermería para la competencia del cuidado de padres de niños con cáncer durante su transición al hogar / Nursing therapy for the competence of caring for parents of children with cancer during their transition to home

Introducción: Cuando los padres de los niños con cáncer adquieren conocimientos y habilidades frente al cuidado, alcanzan un nivel de competencia favorable que les permitirá el ejercicio de su nuevo rol el cual implica un proceso de cambio en sus conductas y comportamientos frente al cuidado de su hijo en el hogar. Lo anterior, desde la perspectiva teórica de Meleis se conoce como una transición. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de una terapéutica de enfermería para la competencia del cuidado de padres de niños con cáncer durante la transición de cuidarlos en el hogar, posterior a su egreso de una Clínica de tercer nivel en Bucaramanga, Colombia. Metodología: Diseño cuasi experimental de un solo grupo preprueba ­ posprueba, con una muestra de 34 padres. Resultados: El total de la media de la competencia para el cuidado de los padres de niños con cáncer después de la terapéutica de enfermería pasó de 45.29 a 54.8 con una p<0.05 estadísticamente significativa al momento del egreso hospitalario. La media de la competencia para el cuidado posterior al egreso hospitalario fue de 55.17 la cual no tuvo cambios estadísticamente significativos con relación a la medición realizada al momento del egreso, esto muestra que el efecto de la terapéutica de enfermería se mantiene cuando los padres cuidan a sus hijos en el hogar. Conclusión: Una intervención de enfermería fundamentada en la teoría de las transiciones de Meleis con la aplicación de los conceptos de las condiciones y propiedades de la transición, mejora la competencia para el cuidado de los padres de niños con cáncer durante su transición de cuidarlos en el hogar, posterior a su egreso de una Clínica de tercer nivel en Bucaramanga, Colombia. (AU)

Introduction: Parents of children with cancer acquire knowledge and skills regarding care, such as reach a favourable level of competences which allow them to develop a new role. That involves some changes in human behaviour with children´s caring at home. From the Meleis theory perspective known as a transition. Objective: Determine the effect of nursing therapeutics to strengthen some skills of the parents while caring a child with cancer, specifically, during the transition to home after completing their medical process in a Hospital in Bucaramanga city, Colombia. Methodology: Quasi-experimental study with a single pretest-posttest group, with a sample of 34 parents. Results: The measurement skills of parents on how they take care of their children with cancer after a nursing therapy increased from 45.29 to 54.8 with a p<0.05 (statistically significant) at the time of hospital discharge, no significant changes were identified (p <0.05) the measurement made to parents' group at home. That shows that it could maintain the effect of nursing therapy after discharge from the hospital. The skills of caring after hospital process was 55.17 had no statistically significant changes concerning the measurement made at the time of way out of the hospital, that shows that effect of nursing therapy will continue even when parents care their children at home. Conclusion: A nursing intervention based on the theory of transitions by Meleis applying concepts of the conditions and properties of the transition, improves the skills of the parents to care children with cancer during their transition to care them at home, after completing the process of medical care in a third level Hospital in Bucaramanga, Colombia. (AU)

Training opportunities and the increase in the number of nurses in home-visit nursing agencies in Japan: a panel data analysis.

BACKGROUND: A training opportunity in which ongoing education is encouraged is one of the determinants in recruiting and retaining nurses in home-visit nursing care agencies. We investigated the association between ensuring training opportunities through scheduled training programs and the change in the number of nurses in home-visit nursing agencies using nationwide panel data at the agency level. METHODS: We used nationwide registry panel data of home-visit nursing agencies from 2012 to 2015 in Japan. To investigate the association between planning training programs and the change in the number of nurses in the following year, we conducted fixed-effect panel data regression analysis. RESULTS: We identified 4760, 5160 and 5025 agencies in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. Approximately 60-80% of the agencies planned training programs for all staff, both new and former, during the study period. The means and standard deviations of the percentage change in the number of full time equivalent (FTE) nurses in the following year were 4.2 (19.8), 5.7 (23.5), and 5.8 (25.1), respectively. Overall, we found no statistically significant association between scheduled training programs and the change in the number of FTE nurses in the following year. However, the associations varied by agency size. Results of analysis stratified by agency size suggested that the first and second quartile sized agencies (2.5-4.0 FTE nurses) with scheduled training programs for all employees were more likely to see a 9.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.5, 13.5) and 8.5% (95% CI: 2.4, 14.5) increase in the number of FTE nurses in the following year, respectively. Similarly, the first and second quartile sized agencies with scheduled training programs for new employees were more likely to see a 4.7% (95% CI: 2.1, 7.2) and 3.3% (95% CI: 0.4, 6.2) increase in the number of FTE nurses in the following year, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Ensuring training opportunities through scheduled training programs for all staff, both new and former, in relatively small-sized home-visit nursing agencies might contribute to an increase in the number of nurses at each agency.

International priorities for home care education, research, practice, and management: Qualitative content analysis.

BACKGROUND: Despite growing demand for home care nursing, there is a growing home care workforce shortage, due in part to hospital-centric nursing curricula that lead students to undervalue of home care and community practice setting (Van Iersel et al., 2018a, 2018b). OBJECTIVES: Articulate an international vision for the future of home care education, research, practice, and management shared by experienced home care nurses working in leadership roles. DESIGN: Qualitative content analysis. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: The sample included 50 home care professionals from 17 countries. METHODS: Home care nurse leaders (in education, research, practice, and management roles) were recruited through professional international nursing networks to participate in a structured online survey about priorities for the future of home care in 2014. Responses were open coded by two independent researchers. Preliminary categories and sub-themes were developed by the research team and revised after a modified member-checking process that included presentation and discussion of preliminary findings at three international nursing meetings in 2015 and 2016. RESULTS: Four major themes emerged reflecting international priorities for the future of home care education, research, practice, and management: 1) Build the evidence base for home care; 2) Design better systems of care; 3) Develop leaders at all levels; and 4) Address payment and policy issues. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, the findings provide a major call to action for nurse educators to re-design existing pre- and post-licensure educational programs to meet the growing demand for home care nurses. Innovations in education that focus on filling gaps in the evidence-base for community nursing practice, and improving access to continuing education and evidence-based resources for practicing home care nurses and nurse managers should be prioritized.

Social resource assessment: Application of a novel communication tool during hospital discharge.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an interactive tool designed to help patients communicate their social resources supportive of home recovery to health care providers. METHODS: Seventy medical and surgical inpatients completed the D-CEGRM social resource interview, demographic queries, and discharge readiness surveys (RHDS) at discharge. Two weeks later, patients completed post-discharge coping difficulty surveys (PDCDS). Nurses unassociated with patients' clinical care reviewed structured clinical notes created from the D-CEGRM and categorized patients as likely to have "inadequate" or "adequate" supportive resources for home self-management. Nurse decision making was tracked using an adjudication process, and post-hoc comparisons in patient characteristics, RHDS, and PDCDS were conducted. RESULTS: Nurses categorized 36 patients (51%) as having inadequate resources. Number and accessibility of supports, presence of negative relationships, and previous struggles meeting health-related needs were important decision-making factors. Post-hoc comparisons revealed significant differences in demographic risk factors and discharge readiness ratings for those with inadequate vs. adequate resources. CONCLUSION: The D-CEGRM may be an efficient tool for patients to communicate access to social resources, and an effective facilitator of transitional care planning. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The D-CEGRM may provide a useful assessment of patients' home context and guide for transitional care planning.

Creative and sensitive production of care-educational technology for families of children with gastrostomy / Producción sensible y creativa de tecnología cuidativo-educativa para familias de niños con gastrostomía / Produção sensível e criativa de tecnologia cuidativo-educacional para famílias de crianças com gastrostomia

Abstract Objective: To describe the production process of a care-educational technology for families of children with gastrostomy based on the models of Hildegard Peplau and Paulo Freire. Method: Descriptive and qualitative research, carried out from October 2016 to February 2017 in three health units and a residential unit in São Luís, MA, Brazil. Thirteen family members participated. Were used from the creative method sensitive to dynamic body knowledge, semi-structured interview and observation. Thematic analysis. Results: From the problem situations that emerged from the corpus, the contents of the technology were constructed, and decoding in subtopics. The technology is of the printed type (booklet), titled The child and his gastrostomy: a guide for families and caregivers. Contains 24 pages and nine content topics, with texts and images. Conclusion: Social evidence that favored the production of a technology that is sensitive to reality, which, after being validated, will help families emerged. Implications for practice: The booklet can be used in the teaching and assistance activities of the families.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir el proceso de producción de una tecnología curativo-educativa para familias con niños gastrostomizados, a partir de los modelos de Hildegard Peplau y Paulo Freire. Método: Estudio descriptiva, cualitativo, realizado entre octubre 2016 y febrero 2017, en tres unidades de salud y una unidad domiciliar en São Luís, MA, Brasil. Participaron 13 familiares. Método creativo-sensible a la dinámica cuerpo saber, entrevista semiestructurada y observación. Análisis temático. Resultados: De las situación-problema emergidas del corpus, se construyeron contenidos de la tecnología, con la descodificación en subtemas. La tecnología es tipo impresa (cartilla), titulada El niño y su gastrostomía: una guía para familias y cuidadores. Contiene 24 páginas y nueve temáticas, con textos e imágenes. Conclusión: Emergieron evidencias sociales que favorecieron el desarrollo de una tecnología sensible a la realidad que, después de comprobada, ayudará a las familias. Implicaciones para la práctica: La cartilla se puede utilizar en las actividades de enseñanza y asistencia de las familias.

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever o processo de produção de uma tecnologia cuidativo-educacional para famílias de crianças com gastrostomia a partir dos modelos de Hildegard Peplau e de Paulo Freire. Método: Pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa, realizada entre outubro de 2016 a fevereiro de 2017 em três unidades de saúde e uma unidade domiciliar em São Luís, MA, Brasil. Participaram 13 familiares. Utilizou-se do método criativo sensível à dinâmica corpo saber, a entrevista semiestruturada e observação. A análise foi temática. Resultados: Das situações-problema que emergiram do corpus, foram construídos os conteúdos da tecnologia, com descodificação em subtemas. Tecnologia do tipo impressa (cartilha), intitulada A criança e sua gastrostomia: um guia para famílias e cuidadores. Contém 24 páginas e nove tópicos de conteúdo, com textos e imagens. Conclusão: Emergiram evidências sociais que favorecem a produção de uma tecnologia sensível à realidade, que após validação, ajudará as famílias. Implicações para a prática: A cartilha poderá ser utilizada nas atividades assistenciais e de ensino.

Managing Medicines for Patients Dying at Home: A Review of Family Caregivers' Experiences.

CONTEXT: Increased life expectancy, technical advances in treatment and symptom control, and the extension of palliative care in community settings not only lengthen life but also make it possible for many patients to be cared for, and to die, at home. Moreover, death increasingly occurs in late old age and after a prolonged period of comorbidity and/or frailty. This has far-reaching consequences for the way that professional services are resourced and organized and for the informal carers who are often responsible for providing the greater part of patient care, including management of complex medication regimes. OBJECTIVES: To explore the literature focused on family caregivers' (FCGs) experiences of medication management for patients being cared for and dying at home. METHODS: This literature review takes a critical interpretive synthesis approach to the review of 15 identified articles. RESULTS: Findings show that FCGs can struggle to manage medications for someone who is dying at home, yet there is an expectation that they will take on these roles and are often judged by professional standards. Five key themes identified particular issues around administration, organizational skills, empowerment, relationships, and support. CONCLUSION: As increasing demands are placed on FCGs, there remains limited acknowledgment or understanding of the challenges they face, how they cope, or could be best supported. Alongside training, FCGs need access to 24 hours of support and medication reviews to rationalize unnecessary medications. Furthermore, the ethical challenges arising from administering medicines at the end of life also need to be acknowledged and discussed.

Dehospitalisation at a general hospital in Minas Gerais: challenges and prospects. / A desospitalização em um hospital público geral de Minas Gerais: desafios e possibilidades.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the dehospitalisation process at a general public hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from the perspective of managers, health workers, users and their families. METHODS: This is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study based on the principles of methodological and theoretical dialectics. The participants were 24 hospital health workers and 15 companions of users going through the process of dehospitalisation. Data were collected from April to June 2015 using semi-structured interviews and a field journal records and subsequently subjected to content analysis. RESULTS: Analysis of the empirical material led to the construction of the following categories: Dehospitalisation: viewpoint of the institution and Family organisation for the dehospitalisation process. CONCLUSION: The study reveals a deficiency in the implementation, systematisation, internal reorganisation and continuity of care after dehospitalisation. Current dehospitalisation strategies do not favour comprehensiveness and continuity of home care.

A Standardized Education Checklist for Parents of Children Newly Diagnosed With Cancer: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group.

Parents of children newly diagnosed with cancer must acquire new knowledge and skills in order to safely care for their child at home. Institutional variation exists in the methods and content used by nurses in providing the initial education. The goal of this project was to develop a checklist, standardized across institutions, to guide nursing education provided to parents of children newly diagnosed with cancer. A team of 21 members (19 nurses and 2 parent advocates) used current hospital educational checklists, expert consensus recommendations, and a series of iterative activities and discussions to develop one standardized checklist. The final checklist specifies primary topics that are essential to teach prior to the initial hospital discharge, secondary topics that should be discussed within the first month after the cancer diagnosis, and tertiary topics that should be discussed prior to completion of therapy. This checklist is designed to guide education and will set the stage for future studies to identify effective teaching strategies that optimize the educational process for parents of children newly diagnosed with cancer.

Efectividad de los programas psicoeducativos dirigidos a cuidadores principales de familiares con enfermedad de Alzheimer / Effectiveness of psychoeducational programs aimed at main caregivers of relatives with Alzheimer’s disease

Objetivos: El presente estudio se plantea describir la efectividad de los programas psicoeducativos en la disminución de la sobrecarga y la sintomatología derivada de la misma en cuidadores principales de familiares con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Metodología: Se ha llevado a cabo un proceso de revisión bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos electrónicas nacionales (IME, CUIDEN) e internacionales (CINAHL, COCHRANE y MEDLINE), que se ha completado con una búsqueda manual en editoriales electrónicas, guías de práctica clínica y motores de búsqueda y con una búsqueda secundaria de artículos. Se han admitido publicaciones realizadas entre enero de 2000 y febrero de 2014. Resultados: La bibliografía consultada ofrece resultados poco claros. Aunque existe un número importante de estudios en los que las intervenciones psicoeducativas han mostrado resultados positivos, en muchos de los casos no se obtienen los efectos esperados. Conclusiones: Se considera necesario profundizar en el desarrollo de nuevos programas psicoeducativos, superando las limitaciones metodológicas encontradas (AU)

Objectives: The present study considers describing the effectiveness of psychoeducational programs in the reduction of the overburden and the symptomatology derived from it in primary caregivers of relatives with Alzheimer’s disease. Methodology: A bibliographic review process has been carried out in different national (IME, CUIDEN) and international (CINAHL, COCHRANE and MEDLINE) electronic databases, completing it with a manual search in electronic editorials, clinical practice guides and search engines, and with a secondary search of articles. Publications published between January 2000 and February 2014 have been accepted. Results: The consulted literature offers unclear results; although there are a number of studies in which psychoeducational interventions have shown positive results, in many cases the expected effects are not obtained. Conclusions: It is considered necessary to delve into the development of new psychoeducational programs, overcoming the methodological limitations that have been encountered (AU)

Capacitación sobre diabetes mellitus a familiares de personas afectadas de un consejo popular / Training on diabetes mellitus to families of affected people from a people's council

Se efectuó una intervención educativa en 60 familiares -- seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia -- de primer grado de afectados por diabetes mellitus, pertenecientes a un consejo popular en el área de salud del Policlínico Docente 28 de Septiembre de Santiago de Cuba, desde mayo del 2014 hasta igual mes del 2015, con vistas a capacitarles con conocimientos sobre la enfermedad. La investigación constó de 3 etapas: la diagnóstica, donde se evaluaron los conocimientos previos sobre los diferentes temas, la de intervención, que contó con 6 sesiones de clases, y la de evaluación, en la cual se repitió la misma encuesta 6 meses después; asimismo, se utilizó el porcentaje como medida de resumen y la prueba de McNemar para la validación estadística. Finalmente, con la intervención se logró capacitar a los familiares con los conocimientos necesarios para apoyar a los pacientes y lograr una mayor calidad de vida familiar

An educational intervention in 60 relatives -- selected by means of a non probabilistic sampling by convenience -- of first grade diabetic patients, belonging to a people's council in the health area of 28 de Septiembre Teaching Polycinic in Santiago de Cuba, was carried out from May, 2014 to the same month in 2015, aimed at qualifying them with knowledge on the disease. The investigation consisted of 3 stages: the diagnostic stage, in which the previous knowledge on the different topics were evaluated, that of intervention that had 6 sessions of classes, and that of evaluation, in which the same survey was repeated 6 months later; also, the percentage as summary measure and the McNemar test for the statistical validation were used. Finally, with the intervention it was possible to prepare the relatives with the necessary knowledge to support the patients and achieve a higher family life quality